Here we add a little bit of state to origin circuits, and set up
the necessary functions for the circuit code to call in order to
find guards, use guards, and decide when circuits can be used.

There's also an incomplete function for the hard part of the
circuit-maintenance code, where we figure out whether any waiting
guards are ready to become usable.

(This patch finally uses the handle.c code to make safe handles to
entry_guard_t objects, so that we are allowed to free an
entry_guard_t without checking whether any origin_circuit_t is
holding a reference to it.)