... | ... | @@ -6,199 +6,201 @@ It can be used in a variety of situations, from a test or development server to |
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== Pros
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* Fewer dependencies: You don't need to install apache or any other web-server.
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* Fast: Should be almost as fast as the [wiki:TracModPython mod_python] version (and much faster than the [wiki:TracCgi CGI]), even more so since version 0.12 where the HTTP/1.1 version of the protocol is enabled by default
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* Automatic reloading: For development, Tracd can be used in ''auto_reload'' mode, which will automatically restart the server whenever you make a change to the code (in Trac itself or in a plugin).
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* Fast: Should be almost as fast as the [mod_python](./TracModPython) version (and much faster than the [CGI](./TracCgi)), even more so since version 0.12 where the HTTP/1.1 version of the protocol is enabled by default
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* Automatic reloading: For development, Tracd can be used in _auto_reload_ mode, which will automatically restart the server whenever you make a change to the code (in Trac itself or in a plugin).
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== Cons
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* Fewer features: Tracd implements a very simple web-server and is not as configurable or as scalable as Apache httpd.
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* No native HTTPS support: [http://www.rickk.com/sslwrap/ sslwrap] can be used instead,
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* No native HTTPS support: [sslwrap](http://www.rickk.com/sslwrap/) can be used instead,
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or [trac:wiki:STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy.
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== Usage examples
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A single project on port 8080. (http://localhost:8080/)
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project
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}}}
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Strictly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use the `--hostname` option.
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{{{#!sh
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```
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Strictly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than _localhost only_. To truly limit it use the `--hostname` option.
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```
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$ tracd --hostname=localhost -p 8080 /path/to/project
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}}}
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```
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With more than one project. (http://localhost:8080/project1/ and http://localhost:8080/project2/)
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2
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}}}
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```
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You can't have the last portion of the path identical between the projects since Trac uses that name to keep the URLs of the
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different projects unique. So if you use `/project1/path/to` and `/project2/path/to`, you will only see the second project.
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An alternative way to serve multiple projects is to specify a parent directory in which each subdirectory is a Trac project, using the `-e` option. The example above could be rewritten:
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ tracd -p 8080 -e /path/to
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}}}
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```
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To exit the server on Windows, be sure to use `CTRL-BREAK` -- using `CTRL-C` will leave a Python process running in the background.
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== Installing as a Windows Service
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=== Option 1
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To install as a Windows service, get the [http://www.google.com/search?q=srvany.exe SRVANY] utility and run:
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{{{#!cmd
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To install as a Windows service, get the [SRVANY](http://www.google.com/search?q=srvany.exe) utility and run:
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```
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C:\path\to\instsrv.exe tracd C:\path\to\srvany.exe
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reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters /v Application /d "\"C:\path\to\python.exe\" \"C:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py\" <your tracd parameters>"
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net start tracd
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}}}
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```
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'''DO NOT''' use {{{tracd.exe}}}. Instead register {{{python.exe}}} directly with {{{tracd-script.py}}} as a parameter. If you use {{{tracd.exe}}}, it will spawn the python process without SRVANY's knowledge. This python process will survive a {{{net stop tracd}}}.
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**DO NOT** use `tracd.exe`. Instead register `python.exe` directly with `tracd-script.py` as a parameter. If you use `tracd.exe`, it will spawn the python process without SRVANY's knowledge. This python process will survive a `net stop tracd`.
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If you want tracd to start automatically when you boot Windows, do:
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{{{#!cmd
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```
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sc config tracd start= auto
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}}}
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```
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The spacing here is important.
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{{{#!div
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Once the service is installed, it might be simpler to run the Registry Editor rather than use the `reg add` command documented above. Navigate to:[[BR]]
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```
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Once the service is installed, it might be simpler to run the Registry Editor rather than use the `reg add` command documented above. Navigate to:
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`HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters`
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Three (string) parameters are provided:
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||!AppDirectory ||C:\Python26\ ||
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||Application ||python.exe ||
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||!AppParameters ||scripts\tracd-script.py -p 8080 ... ||
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|AppDirectory |C:\Python26\ |
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|-------------|-------------|
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|Application |python.exe |
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|AppParameters |scripts\tracd-script.py -p 8080 ... |
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Note that, if the !AppDirectory is set as above, the paths of the executable ''and'' of the script name and parameter values are relative to the directory. This makes updating Python a little simpler because the change can be limited, here, to a single point.
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Note that, if the AppDirectory is set as above, the paths of the executable _and_ of the script name and parameter values are relative to the directory. This makes updating Python a little simpler because the change can be limited, here, to a single point.
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(This is true for the path to the .htpasswd file, as well, despite the documentation calling out the /full/path/to/htpasswd; however, you may not wish to store that file under the Python directory.)
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}}}
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```
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For Windows 7 User, srvany.exe may not be an option, so you can use [http://www.google.com/search?q=winserv.exe WINSERV] utility and run:
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{{{#!cmd
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For Windows 7 User, srvany.exe may not be an option, so you can use [WINSERV](http://www.google.com/search?q=winserv.exe) utility and run:
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```
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"C:\path\to\winserv.exe" install tracd -displayname "tracd" -start auto "C:\path\to\python.exe" c:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py <your tracd parameters>"
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net start tracd
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}}}
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```
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=== Option 2
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Use [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/WindowsServiceScript WindowsServiceScript], available at [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks]. Installs, removes, starts, stops, etc. your Trac service.
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Use [WindowsServiceScript](http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/WindowsServiceScript), available at [Trac Hacks](http://trac-hacks.org/). Installs, removes, starts, stops, etc. your Trac service.
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=== Option 3
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also cygwin's cygrunsrv.exe can be used:
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ cygrunsrv --install tracd --path /cygdrive/c/Python27/Scripts/tracd.exe --args '--port 8000 --env-parent-dir E:\IssueTrackers\Trac\Projects'
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$ net start tracd
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}}}
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```
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== Using Authentication
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Tracd allows you to run Trac without the need for Apache, but you can take advantage of Apache's password tools (`htpasswd` and `htdigest`) to easily create a password file in the proper format for tracd to use in authentication. (It is also possible to create the password file without `htpasswd` or `htdigest`; see below for alternatives)
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{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
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```
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**Attention:** Make sure you place the generated password files on a filesystem which supports sub-second timestamps, as Trac will monitor their modified time and changes happening on a filesystem with too coarse-grained timestamp resolution (like `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux, or HFS+ on OSX).
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}}}
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```
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Tracd provides support for both Basic and Digest authentication. Digest is considered more secure. The examples below use Digest; to use Basic authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` in the command line.
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The general format for using authentication is:
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ tracd -p port --auth="base_project_dir,password_file_path,realm" project_path
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}}}
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```
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where:
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* '''base_project_dir''': the base directory of the project specified as follows:
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* when serving multiple projects: ''relative'' to the `project_path`
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* **base_project_dir**: the base directory of the project specified as follows:
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* when serving multiple projects: _relative_ to the `project_path`
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* when serving only a single project (`-s`): the name of the project directory
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Don't use an absolute path here as this won't work. ''Note:'' This parameter is case-sensitive even for environments on Windows.
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* '''password_file_path''': path to the password file
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* '''realm''': the realm name (can be anything)
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* '''project_path''': path of the project
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Don't use an absolute path here as this won't work. _Note:_ This parameter is case-sensitive even for environments on Windows.
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* **password_file_path**: path to the password file
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* **realm**: the realm name (can be anything)
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* **project_path**: path of the project
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* **`--auth`** in the above means use Digest authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` if you want to use Basic auth. Although Basic authentication does not require a "realm", the command parser does, so the second comma is required, followed directly by the closing quote for an empty realm name.
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Examples:
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ tracd -p 8080 \
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--auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" /path/to/project1
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}}}
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```
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Of course, the password file can be be shared so that it is used for more than one project:
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ tracd -p 8080 \
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--auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \
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--auth="project2,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \
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/path/to/project1 /path/to/project2
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}}}
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```
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Another way to share the password file is to specify "*" for the project name:
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ tracd -p 8080 \
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--auth="*,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com" \
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/path/to/project1 /path/to/project2
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}}}
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```
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=== Basic Authorization: Using a htpasswd password file
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This section describes how to use `tracd` with Apache .htpasswd files.
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Note: On Windows It is necessary to install the [https://pypi.python.org/pypi/passlib passlib]
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Note: On Windows It is necessary to install the [passlib](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/passlib)
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package in order to decode some htpasswd formats. Only `SHA-1` passwords (since Trac 1.0)
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work without this module.
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To create a .htpasswd file use Apache's `htpasswd` command (see [#GeneratingPasswordsWithoutApache below] for a method to create these files without using Apache):
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ sudo htpasswd -c /path/to/env/.htpasswd username
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}}}
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```
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then for additional users:
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|
{{{#!sh
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```
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$ sudo htpasswd /path/to/env/.htpasswd username2
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}}}
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```
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Then to start `tracd` run something like this:
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="project,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,realmname" /path/to/project
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}}}
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```
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For example:
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="project,/srv/tracenv/testenv/.htpasswd,My Test Env" /path/to/project
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}}}
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''Note:'' You might need to pass "-m" as a parameter to htpasswd on some platforms (OpenBSD).
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```
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_Note:_ You might need to pass "-m" as a parameter to htpasswd on some platforms (OpenBSD).
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=== Digest authentication: Using a htdigest password file
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If you have Apache available, you can use the htdigest command to generate the password file. Type 'htdigest' to get some usage instructions, or read [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/htdigest.html this page] from the Apache manual to get precise instructions. You'll be prompted for a password to enter for each user that you create. For the name of the password file, you can use whatever you like, but if you use something like `users.htdigest` it will remind you what the file contains. As a suggestion, put it in your <projectname>/conf folder along with the [TracIni trac.ini] file.
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If you have Apache available, you can use the htdigest command to generate the password file. Type 'htdigest' to get some usage instructions, or read [this page](http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/htdigest.html) from the Apache manual to get precise instructions. You'll be prompted for a password to enter for each user that you create. For the name of the password file, you can use whatever you like, but if you use something like `users.htdigest` it will remind you what the file contains. As a suggestion, put it in your <projectname>/conf folder along with the [TracIni trac.ini] file.
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Note that you can start tracd without the `--auth` argument, but if you click on the ''Login'' link you will get an error.
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Note that you can start tracd without the `--auth` argument, but if you click on the _Login_ link you will get an error.
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=== Generating Passwords Without Apache
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Basic Authorization can be accomplished via this [http://aspirine.org/htpasswd_en.html online HTTP Password generator] which also supports `SHA-1`. Copy the generated password-hash line to the .htpasswd file on your system. Note that Windows Python lacks the "crypt" module that is the default hash type for htpasswd. Windows Python can grok MD5 password hashes just fine and you should use MD5.
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Basic Authorization can be accomplished via this [online HTTP Password generator](http://aspirine.org/htpasswd_en.html) which also supports `SHA-1`. Copy the generated password-hash line to the .htpasswd file on your system. Note that Windows Python lacks the "crypt" module that is the default hash type for htpasswd. Windows Python can grok MD5 password hashes just fine and you should use MD5.
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Trac also provides `htpasswd` and `htdigest` scripts in `contrib`:
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ ./contrib/htpasswd.py -cb htpasswd user1 user1
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$ ./contrib/htpasswd.py -b htpasswd user2 user2
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}}}
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```
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{{{#!sh
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```
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$ ./contrib/htdigest.py -cb htdigest trac user1 user1
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$ ./contrib/htdigest.py -b htdigest trac user2 user2
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}}}
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```
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==== Using `md5sum`
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It is possible to use `md5sum` utility to generate digest-password file:
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{{{#!sh
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```
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user=
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realm=
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password=
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path_to_file=
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echo ${user}:${realm}:$(printf "${user}:${realm}:${password}" | md5sum - | sed -e 's/\s\+-//') > ${path_to_file}
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}}}
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```
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== Reference
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Here's the online help, as a reminder (`tracd --help`):
|
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|
{{{
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|
```
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Usage: tracd [options] [projenv] ...
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Options:
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... | ... | @@ -227,7 +229,7 @@ Options: |
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octal notation (default 022)
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|
--group=GROUP the group to run as
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|
--user=USER the user to run as
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|
}}}
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|
```
|
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|
|
|
Use the -d option so that tracd doesn't hang if you close the terminal window where tracd was started.
|
|
|
|
... | ... | @@ -263,7 +265,7 @@ Below is example configuration based on Apache 2.2, mod_proxy, mod_authnz_ldap. |
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|
First we bring tracd into Apache's location namespace.
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|
{{{#!apache
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```
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<Location /project/proxified>
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|
Require ldap-group cn=somegroup, ou=Groups,dc=domain.com
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|
|
Require ldap-user somespecificusertoo
|
... | ... | @@ -271,10 +273,10 @@ First we bring tracd into Apache's location namespace. |
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# Turns out we don't really need complicated RewriteRules here at all
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RequestHeader set REMOTE_USER %{REMOTE_USER}s
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|
|
</Location>
|
|
|
}}}
|
|
|
```
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|
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|
|
|
Then we need a single file plugin to recognize HTTP_REMOTE_USER header as valid authentication source. HTTP headers like '''HTTP_FOO_BAR''' will get converted to '''Foo-Bar''' during processing. Name it something like '''remote-user-auth.py''' and drop it into '''proxified/plugins''' directory:
|
|
|
{{{#!python
|
|
|
Then we need a single file plugin to recognize HTTP_REMOTE_USER header as valid authentication source. HTTP headers like **HTTP_FOO_BAR** will get converted to **Foo-Bar** during processing. Name it something like **remote-user-auth.py** and drop it into **proxified/plugins** directory:
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
from trac.core import *
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|
|
from trac.config import BoolOption
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|
|
from trac.web.api import IAuthenticator
|
... | ... | @@ -292,44 +294,44 @@ class MyRemoteUserAuthenticator(Component): |
|
|
return req.get_header('Remote-User')
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|
|
return None
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|
|
|
|
}}}
|
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|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
Add this new parameter to your TracIni:
|
|
|
{{{#!ini
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|
|
```
|
|
|
[trac]
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|
|
...
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|
|
obey_remote_user_header = true
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|
|
...
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|
}}}
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
Run tracd:
|
|
|
{{{#!sh
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|
|
```
|
|
|
tracd -p 8101 -s proxified --base-path=/project/proxified
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|
|
}}}
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note that if you want to install this plugin for all projects, you have to put it in your [TracPlugins#Plugindiscovery global plugins_dir] and enable it in your global trac.ini.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Global config (e.g. `/srv/trac/conf/trac.ini`):
|
|
|
{{{#!ini
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|
|
```
|
|
|
[components]
|
|
|
remote-user-auth.* = enabled
|
|
|
[inherit]
|
|
|
plugins_dir = /srv/trac/plugins
|
|
|
[trac]
|
|
|
obey_remote_user_header = true
|
|
|
}}}
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
Environment config (e.g. `/srv/trac/envs/myenv`):
|
|
|
{{{#!ini
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
[inherit]
|
|
|
file = /srv/trac/conf/trac.ini
|
|
|
}}}
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
=== Serving a different base path than /
|
|
|
Tracd supports serving projects with different base urls than /<project>. The parameter name to change this is
|
|
|
{{{#!sh
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
$ tracd --base-path=/some/path
|
|
|
}}}
|
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```
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----
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See also: TracInstall, TracCgi, TracModPython, TracGuide, [trac:TracOnWindowsStandalone#RunningTracdasservice Running tracd.exe as a Windows service] |
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