"Proxy Server Refused Connection" bug not related to the bootstrapping or using it as a default broswer

@championquizzer and I decided to make it as a separate issue, looks the same as #40536 (closed) but any measures does not help and the issue is not related to the bootstrapping or using TBA as a default browser.

So, three cases:

1. OPPO/Android
2. OPPO a9/Android
3. Realme 8i/Android 12 - got today on cdr.link. The user installed TBA around a year ago, and it worked fine until recently the app started showing them "Proxy Server Refused Connection" mistake. TBA is not a default browser, browser is correctly bootstrapped. Re-opening does not help. P.S. "Realme" is an OPPO's sub-brand