On Android, get_data_directory() should not use LOCALSTATEDIR

Android apps can only use paths that are configured at runtime. All of the autotools concepts around "installed" are invalid. Currently in tor-android, we use the "installed" concept to make the build setup a lot easier. LOCALSTATEDIR ends up getting set to a build path, breaking reproducibility.

/data/local/tmp is guaranteed to exist, but is only usable by the 'shell' and 'root' users, so this fallback is for debugging only.

This is closely related to !460 (closed).

closes #40487 (closed)