| GCC | 10 | 12 | see [GCC 11][] and [GCC 12][] release notes |
| Emacs | 27.1 | 28.1 | native compilation, seccomp, better emoji support, 24-bit true color support in terminals, <kbd>C-x 4 4</kbd> to display next command in a new window, [xterm-mouse-mode][], [context-menu-mode][], [repeat-mode][] |
| Golang | 1.15 | 1.19 | [generics][], [fuzzing][], SHA-1, TLS 1.0, and 1.1 disabled by default, performance improvements, [embed][] package, Apple ARM support |
| Linux | 5.10 | 6.1 | mainline Rust, multi-generational LRU, KMSAN, KFENCE, maple trees, guest memory encryption, AMD Zen performance improvements, C11, Blake-2 RNG, NTFS write support, Samba 3, [Landlock][], Apple M1, [and much more][] |
| LLVM | 13 | 15 | see [LLVM 14][] and [LLVM 15][] release notes |
| OpenJDK | 11 | 17 | see [this list](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/) for release notes |
| Podman | 3.0 | 4.3 | GitLab runner, sigstore support, [Podman Desktop][], `volume mount`, `container clone`, `pod clone`, Netavark network stack rewrite, `podman-restart.service` to restart all containers, digest support for `pull`, and lots more |
| Postgresql | 13 | 15 | [stats collector optimized out][], [UNIQUE NULLS NOT DISTINCT][], [MERGE][], [zstd/lz4 compression for WAL files][], also in [pg_basebackup][], see also [feature matrix][] |
| Prometheus | 2.24 | 2.42 | `keep_firing_for` alerts, [@ modifier][], classic UI removed, `promtool check service-discovery` command, [feature flags][] which include [native histograms][], [agent mode][], `snapshot-on-shutdown` for faster restarts, generic [HTTP service discovery][], dark theme, Alertmanager v2 API default |
| Python | 3.9.2 | 3.11 | exception groups, TOML in stdlib, `|` for Union types, structural pattern matching, `Self` type, variadic generatics, major performance improvements, Python 2 removed completely |
| Python | 3.9.2 | 3.11 | exception groups, TOML in stdlib, `|` for Union types, structural pattern matching, `Self` type, variadic generatics, major performance improvements, Python 2 removed completely |
| Puppet | 5.5.22 | 7.23 | major work from colleagues and myself |
| Rustc | 1.48 | 1.63 | [Rust 2021][], I/O safety, scoped threads, `cargo add`, `--timings`, inline assembly, bare-metal x86, captured identifiers in format strings, `binding @ pattern`, Open range patterns, `IntoIterator` for arrays, Or patterns, Unicode identifiers, `const` generics, `arm64` tier-1 incremental compilation turned off and on a few times |
| Vim | 8.2 | 9.0 | Vim9 script |
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@@ -438,6 +442,8 @@ See the [official release notes](https://www.debian.org/releases/bullseye/amd64/