The summary is that we hit two distinct reproducibility issues:
Code generation for Nimbus
Code generation for Glean
The code generation in Nimbus is a new addition, leveraging Mozilla's new Nimbus FML. The definitions are in fenix's nimbus.fml.yml file, and that file is parsed and code is generated by the Nimbus FML (gradle) plugin. Following our solution for #40293 (closed), we can solve this by substituting HashMap with BTreeMap. This patch can likely be upstreamed.
The second issue is slightly more complicated, but the solution is simpler. We already know that glean-parser is responsible for code generation related to Glean's telemetry. After digging into this new issue I found that Mozilla introduced a build timestamp in the code generation (boo!), but they also implemented a way to inject a timestamp (yay!). We solve this using the latter.